Charles b



(No Model.)

G. B. COOPER.

MBTAL' ROOFING PLATE.

N0. 309,134. PatentedDec. 9 188A E'wz f 1 v l 1 Ilium.v 1

name drains ATENT rrion.

CHARLES B. COOPER, OF NE\V YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO THE NATIONAL SHEET METAL ROOFING COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

METAL ROOFING-=PLATE.-

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 309,134, dated December 9, 1884.

Application filed April 24, 1884.

To all whom it 71mg concern.-

Be it known that I, CHARLES B. COOPER, of the city, county, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful 11111 provements in Metal Roofing-Plates; and I hereby declare the same by the following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

These improvements relate particularly to the metal roofingplate of United States Patent No. 256,083, dated April 4., 1882; but while well adapted to that kind of roofing-plate they are also equally applicable to other forms of roofing-plates.

In the drawings, Figure 1 shows a plan view of the metal plates embodying my improvements arranged relatively to each other as when upon abuilding, and Fig. 2illustrates an enlarged longitudinal section on plane 2 2 of one of the plates.

A represents one of these plates; 13 G, corrugations near one edge of the plate, with a gutter, D, between them; E, a flange at the edge, by which the plate is fastened to the building; F, a broad corrugation at the opposite edge of the plate, the bent edge of which takes in under the corrugationB when the plates are joined together, and the raised part of which covers the gutter D, thus forining a seam, G.

H is a corrugation of an inverted-Y shape, designed to turn the water to the sides of the plate, as also is the arrow-head corrugation I, all as and for the purposes more fully set forth in said patent.

These plates may be joined at their edges, so as to make continuous layers extending across the surface to be covered and it is preferred that the plates in any one layer shall overlap those of the next lower layer so as to break joints, and in the case of the plates of the patent referred to the seams G of one layer would fit into the stems of the arrow-head corrugations of the next upper layer and coincide with the upper end of the central Y-corrugations of the next lower layer.

In joining the plates of said patent together the edge of the wide corrugation of one plate is preferably fitted in under the corrugation B of the last plate fastened down by (No model.)

inclining the plate being laid at an angle of about forty-five degrees. is then forced down and its free edge nailed to the sheathing. The plates thus laid have a tendency to bow upwardly at their lower overlapping ends, thus leaving an open space between such ends and the plates of the next lower layer, which renders the joints formed by the overlapping ends of the plates of adjoining layersliable to flooding, and this howing tendency is present in any other form of plate which, when laid, has its overlapping end left free. I prevent this action of a plate by a bracing-corrugation, J, which is of a curved shape, as shown, and preferably made highest at the middle of the plate, and tapering from the middle to its ends at or near the edges of the plate. The cross-section of this corrugation is triangular in shape, and the wall K of the corrugation is broader than the wall L thereof, so that the portion M of the plate between this corrugation and the eX- trerne end of the plate is inclined, as shown. It will be plain that this bracing-corrugation will resist power applied to bend the lower end of the plate upwardly as it lies on the sheathing, and thereby will cause the overlapping edge of the plate to hug down closely upon the plate underneath it. This resistance against an upward bend is due not only to the corrugation raised above the surface of the plate, but also to the converging shape of the walls of the corrugation, caused by it be ing highest at its middle point and becoming shallower as its ends are approached. Such resistance is due, further, to the inclined shape of the portion of the plate below the corrugation and the curved form given it by the corrugation rounding upwardly; and in addition to the effect produced by this bracing-corrugation of preventing the lower end of the plate bowing away from the plate beneath it, the corrugation also gives the plates increased stiffness and enables them to be handled without losing their shape, even to the extent of being successfully removed from a building in such condition as to permit of their being relaid.

Although the bracing-corrugation is shown as crossing the arrow-head corrugation, this latter one is not essential to effect the purpose The plate being laid of the former one, which may only be struck in the flat plate and accomplish its end as .well. So, too, it may be curved in cross-section, or the'inclined part M of the plate may extend to and follow the top of the wall K, in which case the part M would become the wall L; and the corrugation may be angular in outline, instead of curved, particularly if made higher at one point than at another; but such forms are alternative, and would not have all the advantages of the present curved form.

In the plates referred to in said patent there were struck two straight non-capillary corrugations at their upper ends, which were in the same line at right angles across the plates.

- The overlappingends of the plates rested upon water.

these corrugations, and the main portions of the surfaces of the overlapping parts of the plates were thereby so separated as to prevent thecapillary action of water. These said corrugations, however, are inadequate to keep water that may be driven beyond or above them from then being forced still further up beneath the plates.

To make such non-capillary corrugations more effectual, I construct them so that they extefid unbrokenly across the plates, as seen at O; and to prevent water that may be driven beyond them from going farther I add two or more like corrugations that act as dams to the Any one of these dams is-sufficient to prevent capillary action, but one only is not sufficient to keep out water when it is driven under the plates by a strong wind.

I have found that these plates are often torn fronr their fastening nails, or warped and wrinkled or otherwise made somewhat ineffiis more particularly true where the plates are used, as siding for tall buildings, grain-elevators,and similar high structures, and is caused by the contraction of the wood-work between the different points where the single plates are nailed. I correct this objection by making all the nail holes except one in the flange E ofthe plates of an elongated or slot-like shape, as seen at P. This permits the woodwork between the nails of a single plate to contract or expand without springing or bending the plates, for the nails will move in the slots without displacing the plates. Some one nail-hole in the fastening edges should be of the common form,so that the plates shall have one point of fixed connection with the building, and this, preferably, would be the hole at the lower or overlapping end of the plate.

It will be understood that the contraction of the woodwork between the layers of plates is compensated for by the layers moving upon one another.

What is claimed as new is- 1. A metal roofing-plate provided at its overlapping end with a curved bracing-corrugation, as and for the purpose set forth.

2. A metal roofing-plate provided at its overlapping end with a bracing-corrugation that is made highest at the middle of the plate and gradually shallower from the middle to the ends of the corrugation, as and for the purpose set forth. V

v 8. A metal roofingplate provided at its upper end with two or more dams extending continuously across the plate, as and for the purpose set forth.

CHARLES B. COOPER.

WVitnesses:

R0121. H. DUNCAN, R. F. GAYLORD. 

